Interesting points.
Winter wtyre contain much more real rubber than normal road tyres. In terms of composition (from www.wrap.org.uk):
"A common-sized all season passenger tyre made by
Goodyear, weighing about 10 kG (22 lbs) new, contains:-
• 30 kinds of synthetic rubber
• 8 kinds of natural rubber
• 8 kinds of carbon black
• steel cord for belts
• polyester and nylon fibre
• steel bead wire
• 40 different chemicals, waxes, oils, pigments, silicas & clays."
Overall rubber/elastomers make up 47% of the weight of a standard tyre. Carbon black 21.5% and metal 16.5%.
A third of the rubber used is in the outer tread and a fifth is in the sidewall by %weight rubber."
and from http://www.tuneruniversity.com/blog/2011/04/wheel-tech-part-iii-wheel-diameters-effect-on-performance/
"Small sidewalls are very stiff, great for cornering “feel” but terrible for ride quality and straight line stopping and acceleration (more on that later). Stiffer sidewalls do not give any additional grip.
As the sidewall size goes down, the weight of the tire stays the same or gets bigger.
However, as a result of an increase in wheel diameter, this makes the weight distribution of the wheel+tire combo worse – the heaviest part (the tire) is now further away from the center of the wheel – refer to Part I for why that’s bad. In short, it robs precious power from getting to the road. Many guys spend so much time focusing on the wheel weight but never even think about the tire weight and its effect on the weight distribution of the wheel.
Warning: Never make the mistake of choosing a TIRE by its weight. Usually a tire’s weight is directly proportional to how much reinforcement is inside the tire. Cheap tires are often lightweight, but only because they cheeped out on the sidewall reinforcement. I actually had a popular cheap tire go out of round because it was so cheaply made inside. Choose tires based on tread and compound – never by weight. DO consider the weight of the tire when picking the size of your wheel, however.
Larger sidewalls allow better ride quality, better straight line launch, braking and do not necessarily decrease grip but may make the car handle less precisely. In other words, the sidewall flexes so the steering response will be slower and you get a lot more “roll” in the bends. Too big of a sidewall can cause excessive tire temperatures due to a lot of flexing about and possible failure in race conditions so it still is ideal to keep relatively low profile sidewalls on performance applications as we mentioned earlier.
You’ll notice that drag racing slicks always have very tall sidewalls. You never see low profile drag slicks. This is because when a drag car launches, the tire actually deforms and ripples up to create an even fatter patch of rubber on the ground and to generate ‘bite’ into the ground. The smaller the sidewall you use, the more likely you will spin your tires off the line. Taller sidewall tires can generally bite harder both under braking and acceleration.
If you’re looking to fit wheels that weigh less than stock, the larger you go in diameter, the more difficult and expensive it will be to find a lighter than stock wheel."